The Social and Economic Changes Made by the Communists in...

The Social and Economic Changes Made by the Communists in China in 1949 On his ascension to power in China in 1949, Chairman Mao said: â€Å"The People’s Republic of China will strive for independence, democracy, peace, unity, prosperity and strength.† Little did Mao know it would be nine years, and many reforms later that China would still be striving for those things. Mao would start a whole series of reforms aimed to appease and change the public, starting with the Marriage Law. The Marriage Law stated that women had to be 18 years and men 20 years in order to marry; thus preventing the marriage of children which had gone on for years before Communist rule. Women were given more rights, divorce†¦show more content†¦In line with advances in farming, the Communists had to make changes in the economy so that it could be sustained. The first major change the Communists made in this field was to take major banks, railways and a proportion of heavy industry back into public control. All the profits were taken from private owners and put into the State Treasury. In 1951, A People’s Bank was opened to replace private banks, and to remove inflation (such inflation that had been seen sky-rocketing before the Communists came to power). In addition, as farmers were producing more grain, to avoid food shortages they had to sell the G overnment 15-20% of their produce at a low price. China needed investment to fund their ever-growing country’s needs. Mao went to the USSR to receive aid. Unfortunately, China received just $300M but more importantly a vital 10,100 engineers to fund their first five-year plan. China used this money to develop heavy industry, which was necessary to save the country from future turmoil. 700 new production plants helped China to double their output of coal, oil and cement and quadruple the amount of pig iron, steel and fertilizer produced. These types of advances had never been seen before in China, yet they did not come without a cost. Light industry, such as cotton making, was neglected whilst thisShow MoreRelatedComparative Politics and the Peoples Republic of China1266 Words   |  5 Pagesthere is one regime that stands out to me. The rise of China as one of today’s economic powers is fascinating. When studying China’s political system on the form of comparative politics its best to look pass general questions. One has to study China’s whole system to truly understand its impact on all other nations. China has currently moved ahead of the United States in so many ways. Let’s consider the fact that not even 30 years ago china was considered impoverished country, but today it’s aRead MoreThe Revolution : A Public Seizure Of The State Essay1616 Words   |  7 Pagesattention of the public and the state leading them to progressive change. The reason general revolutions occur in general is due to the fact that the public feels dissatisfaction with the way the government is typically handling a situation that ties in with the general public. Even with a minuscule amount of people, an uprising can occur as long as there is a strong sense of will in exercising civil rights in order to achieve change. Scholars believe that the contributors to revolutions are a lackRead MoreUnderstanding How Social Change Has Affected Hong China1711 Words   |  7 PagesUnderstanding How Social Change Has Affected Rural China Introduction There are many changes that have occurred in the Peoples Republic of China over a short period of time. This is mainly because of the changing climate in relation to a number of areas and perspectives. For instance, there are varied factors that have led to the changes that have been experienced in the social, political, and economic culture. Since 1949 there have been many changes in the social aspect in China. These changes are relatedRead MoreCommunism And Its Impact On The World1583 Words   |  7 Pagesa system of social organisation which formerly consumed almost a third of countries in the entire world, having originated in Russia. The first official communist state was founded during the Russian revolutions in 1917, due to the inaugural communist political party ‘Bolsheviks’ gaining primal power. Afterwards, the influence of communism spread to other countries with the likes of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and East Germany to name a few. These countries that were go verned on communist principlesRead MoreGovernmental Systems of China1593 Words   |  6 PagesThe country of China throughout the last century has experienced a large and significant variety of governmental systems, from historical to contemporary. From the Manchu Empire which focused on Confucianism to the current Communist Party of the People’s Republic of China, the government of China has changed drastically throughout the years, ultimately contributing to the country that China is today. It is significant to understand that the changes made in the governmental system were so drasticRead MoreEssay about Life for Teenagers in China During the Late 1960s1246 Words   |  5 Pagesteenagers in China during the late 1960s? Most teenagers were inspired to fight in the Cultural Revolution. The Cultural Revolution was a movement in 1966. Mao Zedong motivated millions of chinese youths to challenge authority in order to depart from socialism. To further control the actions and ideas of the people in China, a group of youths called the â€Å"Red Guards† followed Mao’s beliefs and humiliated non-believers. These adolescents joined the cause because they wanted to have a better economic statusRead MoreThe American And Chinese Communist Revolutions1363 Words   |  6 Pagescauses that started both the American and Chinese Communist revolutions, some being similar and some being different. One of the main causes of the revolutions was that they both were inspired by the Enlightenment. This factor made both wars and their outcomes more intellectually based rather than physically. Another main accelerator that forced the people to fight for a change in their government was due to an unpopular method of rule. In both China and America, the forms of government previous toRead MoreTo What Extent Did China Change for the Better in the Years 49-57?1965 Words   |  8 PagesIn 1949, Mao Zedong declared the People’s Republic of China after the c ommunists won the civil war against the nationalists, promising a fresh start, however China was a broken country following the Japanese and Civil Wars, which meant the new government inherited severe problems, the worst of which include hyperinflation, complete lack of industry, heavy food shortages, which was exacerbated by steep population increases. During the first eight years of power, Mao’s regime tackled the economy remarkablyRead MoreWhy the Chinese Nationalist Party lost the Chinese Civil War.2868 Words   |  12 PagesOn 1 October 1949, Mao Zedong, leader of the Chinese Communist Party declared victory over the Nationalist Party (Guomindang) and brought an end to four brutally long years of Civil War. The Communist victory in the Civil War has however, created significant debate among historians, namely: was a Communist victory inevitable and if so is it more sensible to see the Chinese Civil War as a Communist victory or as a Nationalist defeat?When researching t hese questions it becomes blatantly obvious thatRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Russian and Chinese Revolutions Essay example778 Words   |  4 Pageswanting the end of interactions with the West and China who actually wanted to adopt more to their ways of the West. The Russian revolution was essentially led with two different revolutions, the February and the October Revolution. The Chinese was experiencing many revolts throughout the revolution. In the effort for the 1911 revolution of China was the intention of a creation of a democracy to give their people more freedom and improvements in economic conditions as in comparison with the Russian revolution

Ap World Exam Essay Samples 2016-2017 - the Conspiracy

Ap World Exam Essay Samples 2016-2017 - the Conspiracy The essay provides you with an opportunity to reveal how effectively you may read and comprehend a passage and compose an essay analyzing the passage. 1 essay question will request that you provide an analysis of one text. All the information that you need to compose your essay will be contained in the passage or in notes about it. There are several good persuasive essay topics to pick from. You don't need to return to school to prepare for the GED test. If you are searching for a comprehensive, totally free AP Chinese resource, whether for the approaching test or maybe to help you focus your learning throughout the class, look no more! Don't forget, these exams can change each year, so ensure you're aware of all changes going into the school year. The test was redesigned in 2016, and as the training course content stays the same, older practice tests and materials no longer apply to the present variant of the test. Y our content paragraphs should be set in a logical purchase. Adhere to these statements with a succinct sentence that focuses on this issue or themes which will be covered in each subsequent paragraph. Persuasive essay topics don't always need to be of a critical nature, you can write about things which are related in your life. Don't forget to organize sentences into cohesive paragraphs and offer vivid descriptions. You are going to be requested to read an excerpt from a text on the necessary reading list (or the entire work in the instance of a quick poem) and analyze the method by which the text represents the features of a specific genre. As soon as you get a very clear idea of what you've got to do, begin reading the documents. In the drop-down menu, select the chapter you wish to concentrate on. What Everybody Dislikes About Ap World Exam Essay Samples 2016-2017 and Why By means of comparison, the proportion of stimulus items on the present exam is twenty to twenty-five percent. Before you may make a good study program, you will need to have a great idea of your starting point. If you are able to use the provided information in an intelligent way, you are going to be in a position to create your efficient study program. This shift is intended to make the range of course content simpler to manage and more realistic for students and teachers. What You Need to Do About Ap World Exam Es say Samples 2016-2017 Starting in the Next Seven Minutes There you've got it, folks. In addition, the individuals who will read your replies wish to find that you're both identifying and analyzing this info in your reply, together with presenting your ideas. If you really feel just like you still need more help or you're not sure that you could do it all on your own, look no more. Ask yourself these kinds of questions when choosing a study space. Essentially, this question is intended to check your understanding of the essential reading list, so make certain you could identify each one of the works on it, and offer some basic facts about each one, including thematic info. The bulleted lists under each topic are supposed to be representative as opposed to prescriptive. The reply to this question is dependent on your study plans! For the LEQ you're going to be presented with two question alternatives and write about one. Ap World Exam Essay Samples 2016-2017: No Longer a Mystery Practice tests are the best method to acquire ready. If you typically go blank during exams, consider studying in the exact same classroom where the test is going to be given. The exam will be hard for students with minimal or no experience writing in the language. A complete practice exam alongside study materials are available here. Simply speaking, as you have one minute per question, it's a comparatively simple endeavor to keep track of yo ur time. That's correct, you get to determine how you would like to split 90 minutes between both of these important tasks. You may finish these tasks in any purchase. However, it's a task that we ought to all be thankful for. 6 A 6 essay demonstrates a high level of competence and sustained control, although it can have a couple minor errors. You also ought to attempt to read the works of published writers in a broad range of subjects, paying particular attention to the ways that the writers use language to share their meaning. Needless to say, the prominent issues in a particular era happened due to a reason. Then supply the last author name. Possessing a particular plan and a firm grasp of the class content and methods of assessment can help you to truly feel prepared and produce your greatest excellent work. You could be nervous on test day, but keep in mind that in case you've studied and prepared, all you have to do is employ the abilities and strategies you've alread y mastered. You'll know that you want to work on your thesis abilities. It's possible to take a look at my tips on building specific rubric-based skills in my personal article on how best to compose a DBQ. The sample prompts are discussions associated with the Progressive Era in america of America. One of the greatest ways to take into consideration the normal AP World History score is to look at a multi-year trend. Each year, it is slightly different. Also have a look at her review of the very best AP US History textbooks!

Postbellum Reconstruction free essay sample

When General Lee surrendered to the Union army in the Appoint Courthouse on April 9, 1865, the period of Reconstruction began. The Civil War had settled the issue of slavery and the question of states rights, but several problems remained in the torn nation. First, the Union had to be successfully reunited and control of the Southern states governments had to be nurtured back to the national consensus. Second, the South was in a social chaos. Southerners spirits had been broken by the war, and the pervasive issue of racism still had to be addressed.Newly emancipated slaves were without refuge, had little education, and their economic status was uncertain. Third, the South was in economic shambles: all of the wealth invested in slaves was gone, plantations lay in ruins, and railroads and cities were torn to shreds by the Union army. Both the presidency and Congress passed several reforms to attempt to solve all of these problems, however the progress that was made during Reconstruction was for the most part shot down by the Compromise of 1877. The Civil War left the South in ruins.Once beautiful plantations were torn apart, and cities were burnt to the ground. Economic investment in banks, factories, or any other business were squandered, mostly due to General Sherman march. Transportation was completely disrupted, and the entire economy Of the South essentially came to a halt. Most devastating to the Souths economic problems was the loss of billions in economic of slaves, which were wiped away by emancipation. Southerners were bitter, some were homeless, and Union troops occupied the South as it would a conquered territory.Yet somehow, a feeling of loyalty to the Union had to be restored among Southerners. President Lincoln made it his goal to restore the Union as quickly as possible. On December 9, 1863, he proclaimed the war was a rebellion of individuals, and that the states had never actually seceded. Therefore, he offered pardon to any adherents of the Confederacy who would take the oath to support The Constitution of the United States, and the union of the States thereunto. Under the condition that ten percent of the voters in a rebelling state should take this oath and slavery be abolished, a state government could be established and it would be readmitted into the Union. President Lincoln plan was very lenient towards the South, but it did ensure a quick restoration of the Union. This plan, however, angered the addict Republicans, the majority in Congress. Radical Republicans were very unsympathetic toward the South, not only wanting the restoration of the Union and the abolition of slavery, but also guaranteed protection for the freedmen.They also aimed to retain their majority in Congress, and to punish the South for the havoc it created. Under the presidential plan, Southerners could vote Democratic and restore power to ex-Confederates and other wealthy Southern whites, therefore rendering the war meaningless to the radical Republicans. To oppose the presidential plan, Congress passed the Wade-Davis bill on July 2, 1864. This bill called for significant reconstruction in the rebelling states by untrusting the reconstruction of a state not to a minority ready for future loyalty, but to a majority whose Unionism was a matter of past conduct. Specifically, if a majority of voters swore allegiance to the Union, a convention of loyal persons would be responsib le to draw up a new state constitution. However, no one who had held office or had fought under the Confederacy would be permitted to vote or serve as a delegate to a state constitutional convention. The new state constitution must abolish slavery ratify the Thirteenth Amendment), discard the debts of the Confederacy, and entail that no ex-Confederate may vote or hold office.Lincoln vetoed the Wade-Davis bill, but gave Southern states the option of selecting his plan or the congressional plan for reconstruction. Naturally, Southerners opted for the former, and by December 1865, all rebelling states successfully reconstructed under the presidential plan (inherited by Andrew Johnson after the assassination of Lincoln). The Radical Republicans fears were confirmed when Southern voters elected mostly ex-Confederates and wealthy Southern Democrats to Congress. Also, Southern state legislatures passed the Black Codes, essentially making the Negro a slave in everything but name.Blacks were denied ordinary citizenship rights: the y werent allowed to vote, and there were no provisions for their education and economic protection. Northern Republicans felt cheated. The South thought that Reconstruction was complete, but the Radical Republicans, having made so many painful sacrifices, would [not] let itself be tricked out of what it had spent so much trouble and perseverance to win. Congress rejected the President and the Souths notion that it had been constructed, and it refused to seat the newly elected delegates from the former Confederate states.Congress continued to assert its own reconstruction plan and acquired the new goal of seeking full equality and suffrage for blacks. This new goal had arisen based on humanitarian and political concerns, especially after the passage of the Black Codes in 1865. Blacks were being extremely persecuted in the South, and Northerners had become increasingly sympathetic following numerous incidents in which innocent blacks were harassed, beaten, and killed. Also, Republicans believed that the enfranchisement of black males would provide a backbone or the Republican party in the South, preventing Southern Democrats from gaining power. One congressman talked of the Radical Republicans plans: It prevents the States from going into the hands of the rebels, and giving them the President and the Congress for the next forty years. In 1866, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act, which President Johnson vetoed, but Congress passed it over his veto. This act protected the rights of the freedmen from the Black Codes, extended suffrage to blacks, and extended the life of the Freedmans Bureau. The Freedmans Bureau was the most important institution during theReconstruction era. It provided relief, gave out land, organized schools, helped make fair labor contracts, and generally tried to help blacks and whites live together in peace. The Bureau helped freedmen adjust to their new way of life, and also taught whites to treat them as free citizens. It helped solve disputes among freedmen and whites and set up freedmen s courts. In four years, 21 million rations of food were handed out, forty-six hospitals were set up, and five million dollars were spent in setting up schools for former slaves.Blacks saw education as the only true route to freedom, ND black children as well as their mothers and fathers were eager to learn how to read and write, a skill exclusive only to rich white families before the war. The continuance of the Freedmans Bureau was a huge victory for the blacks and the Republicans, but there were still more issues to be faced. Johnnys growing anger and continual vetoes swayed the more conservative and moderate Republicans toward the left. President Johnson urged voters to oust the radical Republicans from their seats in the midterm elections in 1866, but voters only elected more Radicals to Congress.The tide ad turned, and Congress began to show that it would take over Reconstruction from the President. Congress appointed a committee of fifteen to handle Reconstruction. Repeatedly, Congress would pass Reconstruction Acts and the President would veto them, but Congress would pass the bill over the veto. By March of 1867, Congress passed laws regulating the Reconstruction of the former Confederate states. The first of these acts divided the South into five military districts in which military governors would have supreme powers in maintaining order and protecting rights of the freedmen.Next, Congress denounced the residential Reconstruction plan and passed a law incorporating the Wade- Davis bill and black suffrage. Finally, once a state constitution was drawn up under the provisions of the Wade-Davis bill guaranteeing black suffrage and the state ratified the Fourteenth Amendment (guaranteed civil rights for all), its members would be accepted into Congress, thus completing Reconstruction. By 1870, the Union was restored under the congressional plan. Blacks made several political advancements once gaining suffrage, electing several black officials b oth to Congress and to state legislatures. Although lacks made up a majority in five states, only in South Carolina did they elect a majority of blacks to the legislature. Whites still played a dominant role in government, but not to the supreme extent that they did before black suffrage. Now that blacks had gained political rights, they still sought jobs, homes, and education. Since blacks did not own land, they became wage workers under their former masters immediately following the Civil War. Neither blacks nor whites enjoyed this system, however, as blacks still faced the same conditions as they did under slavery and whites had to pay out capital that they did not eve.To solve these problems, a system of sharecropping was developed. Under sharecropping, blacks (or poor whites) would farm on a small plot of land leased by a planter, pledging a certain amount of crops to the landlord before each season as payment for the usage of the land. Often, after bad seasons, sharecroppers slipped into a debt that they could never pay off. Thus, the sharecroppers were semiautomatics, but remained tied to the landlords will for economic survival. This system prevailed through most of the South, and it unfortunately led to the disintegration of the rights gained by blacks under congressionalReconstruction. One Southern governor said of sharecropping, The Negro skins the land and the landlord skins the Negro. Southern Democrat landlords would threaten to evict sharecroppers if they voted Republican, leading to the gradual loss of the Negroes political right. Blacks were forced to rely on the Radical Republicans and Federal troops to give them their rights, and they maintained their rights through the period of occupation. The leaders of the Reconstruction did not give full acknowledgement to this problem of economic servitude. It was inevitable that once troops were outdrawn, blacks would lose their rights, so Congress was faced with two options to stabilize the economic condition Of the freedmen. One option was to seize land from the wealthiest Southern planters and distribute forty acres and a mule to each newly freed black male. The other option was to establish the Freedmans Bureau as a permanent institution and allot to it its own budget so it could set and enforce a minimum wage. However, Congress did not address the issue, and the Freedmans Bureau ceased operations in 1870, after only five years of operation with only a five million dollar budget.After 870, the black man remained as much of a slave as before the war: uneducated and landless. The Force Acts, passed in 1870 and 1871 , attempted to ensure blacks werent prevented their vote by force, but it was loosely enforced after 1875. In the absence of an economic base for blacks, the political successes of Reconstruction were essentially wiped out . In the Compromise of 1877, Republicans agreed to withdraw troops from the South, thereby ending the era of Reconstruction. Blacks could no longer rely on these troops for protection.All advances that were made for blacks under Reconstruction were wiped out by the Compromise of 1877. White supremacy grew, and more and more hate crimes reminded blacks of their inferior social position. The UK Klux Klan used violence to keep both black and white Republicans from voting. The number of elected black officials decreased to zero as blacks were kept from voting by good character tests, poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clauses, and intimidation. The comprehensive Jim Crow laws took prevalence in the South, segregating steamboats, toilets, restaurants, drinking fountains, and any other public place. Any protest by blacks resulted in quick death or torture by white pharmacists, who undoubtedly went unpunished. All-white juries would not convict fellow whites, and the U. S. Supreme Court even declared the Force Acts unconstitutional. Republican president Hayes stated that he would leave the Southern blacks rights in the hands of the Southerners themselves, and it was apparent that he would not enforce the Fourteenth or Fifteenth Amendments. Reconstruction is referred to by many historians as The Tragic Era or The Age of Hate because of the general mood that the nation felt as a result of a devastating war and compromising solutions.

O.F.W.G.K.T.A. by Odd Future Wolf Gang Kill Them All free essay sample

Goblin cries, black eyes, and tricky lies are all a part of our odd future — at least according to Odd Future Wolf Gang Kill Them All, a rap collective based in Los Angeles. Known for its wicked words and lighthearted chaos, Odd Future had its start in 2007 and instantly gained an underground following. Now this group is stepping into the mainstream with its first studio album, a worldwide tour, and a sketch comedy show. So prepare yourself, because the hounds have been released. Band hype The alternative hip-hop collective of skateboard rats and pranksters identify themselves as â€Å"wolves†. The content behind the self-produced beats and videos has caused considerable controversy due to references to violence and enthusiasm for rebellion. Odd Future is notorious for vividly rapping about rape, murder, and self-destruction. Its lyrics, mostly written by front man, Tyler the Creator, have the ability to horrify yet include scholarly vocabulary. The original and random illustrations drawn by Tyler also cause interest. We will write a custom essay sample on O.F.W.G.K.T.A. by Odd Future Wolf Gang Kill Them All or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of the notable art include cats with lasers, unicorns, donuts, inverted crosses, and decorated sneakers, to name a few. These re-invented rappers are admired by many for their originality. Name the wolves The group includes 11 rappers, singers, and non-musical members who all hang out like rowdy brothers. Tyler the Creator’s wild and unorthodox behavior follows the mantra that has shaped the Odd Future culture, which is â€Å"Kill People. Burn S. F School†, as stated in the song â€Å"Radical†. Hodgy Beats is a rapper and producer who got involved in Tyler’s albums Bastard and Goblin. Left Brain, a record producer and also a rapper, produces portions of nearly all of Odd Future’s releases. Frank Ocean, a singer and songwriter who has written for singers like John Legend and Beyonce, joined Odd Future for its tour in May of 2011. The group is filled with sub-groups of other rappers like The Internet and Mellow High, who work on their own projects along with the production of Odd Future. Sick beats The latest album, Odd Future Vol. 2, was released in March of 2012. The album carries the same energy and camaraderie as previous works, but the constant wordplay and clever references to media and the band’s culture in the album’s lyrics make it stand out from their previous work. The first single off the album, â€Å"Rella†, featuring Hodgy Beats, was released on the Internet 10 months before the album’s official release. The video, produced by Left Brain, involves violence, drugs, and a centaur dressed in drag. It is eerily playful but lacks a sense of direction. The song centers around the group’s frustration with a â€Å"rella†, a girl who feels no shame and does crazy things. The band also expresses its feelings with its new mainstream status, â€Å"Under pressure, we just stand in the middle like hula hoops†, to say that they have arrived in the rap game and are in the middle of the hype. â€Å"Lean† spews out male hormonal rage with every verse. The song can sometimes have a clumsy beat and includes the group’s usual antics of provocative lyrics. The last song on the track, â€Å"Oldie†, features the group’s youngest rapper, Earl Sweatshirt, with more unknown members of Odd Future. The song is 10 minutes long and provides the major punch lines of the album. Overall, the music on the album reflects earlier Odd Future works, with lyrics and videos that could make you lose your lunch. The album is more hazy and hypnotic, so new listeners should also check out Odd Future’s previous work to get a feel for its typical style. These menaces of the industry were previously overshadowed by overzealous personalities and shenanigans, but this album shows the mainstream what it have to offer. Swag out Odd Future’s appeal is like that of watching a horror movie or riding a roller coaster. That gut-wrenching feeling is addictive, intriguing and instinctively thrilling. You will be appalled when you listen to the lyrics that seem to have been thought up by a musically-gifted psychiatric patient. But there is beauty in a mental breakdown and this band is creating honest and raw art. In an oppressive society, Odd Future says to be whoever or whatever you want, even if it’s a unicorn. They don’t try to scare, they just want to share the inner demons, violence and terror that lurk within us all. They work hard, push boundaries and refuse to compromise themselves. Whether you’re a fan or not, that’s admirable. The brotherhood demands your attention, and then laughs because they made you look.

Essay Lab Assignment 1

Essay Lab Assignment 1 Essay Lab Assignment 1 Maria Ramos Professor C. L. Zembower English 1301 14 June 2015 Cities of Dreams and Nightmares The documental China Rises: City of Dreams is part of a four-part television series co-produced by New York Times, Discovery Times, The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, ZDF, France 5 and S4C that centers in the dramatic change that Shanghai’s society is going through and how do its citizens deal with the rhythm of a city that less than thirty years ago was a still under a strict communist regime; as whereas today can be compared to cities such as New York and Toronto. China Rises: City of Dreams depicts an issue of society: Do people need to adapt to new times? Can they? And what would happen if they do not? Societies always change and by a range of different reasons; it might be war or the invention of some gadget, but the short-term result is always the same: there are some people who adapt, and some that don’t. Experiences show us that the ones who adapt forget about those who didn’t, and the result is exactly what is currently happening in Shanghai. Describ ing the situation, photographer Hu Yang1 said â€Å"The gap between rich and poor is huge, Shanghai’s society looks like a weightlifter’s bar, you have the rich and the poor like the large weights and a narrow middle class like a bar in between them† The documental follows the stories of people who are successful today and people that did not adapt to new Shanghai. The ones that are showed as successful are part an incipient middle and high class. They are happy because they feel they have the freedom of doing and thinking whatever they want. Which is not exactly true. Government still controls the flow of information on the internet2 and there is no such thing as political democracy; the communist party has been in control of China ever since 1949; however, these people feel free because they now get to decide what to wear, where to eat and what to study. As they are being constantly entertained with these important but superficial aspects of life, they gradually disconnect with what happens around them. Without information, this generation is condemned to have little or no interest in the issues of their country and society. Sadly, what this city most needs nowadays is compromise, responsible citizens who are aware that the big bucket of wealth has not been pour into all Shanghai’s residents. The old neighborhoods, which are currently being sublet by the government to build skyscrapers and big malls3, are still home for a large number of people that refuse to leave because the compensation offered to them was less than 1/3 of the real value of their properties. These people live in construction sites, most of the time without light or running water, waiting for the same government that promised them a wonderful life 50 years ago, to come and negotiate with them a more reasonable compensation; but as it appears, this won’t happen any time soon. The range of action people in this situation can take is limited; they do not have money to pay for lawyers, and they don’t have the skills to get a new job. In that sense,

The 5 Principles of Adult Learning Pioneered by Malcolm Knowles

The 5 Principles of Adult Learning Pioneered by Malcolm Knowles The teacher of adults has a different job from the one who teaches children. If youre teaching adult students, for the best results its important to understand and practice five principles espoused by Malcolm Knowles, a pioneer in the study of adult learning. He observed that adults learn best when: They understand why something is important to know or do.They have the freedom to learn in their own way.Learning is experiential.The time is right for them to learn.The process is positive and encouraging. Make Sure Your Adult Students Understand â€Å"Why† Most adult students are in your classroom because they want to be. Some of them are there because they have continuing education requirements to keep a certificate current, but most are there because they’ve chosen to learn something new. This principle is not about why your students are in your classroom, but about why each thing you teach them is an important part of the learning. For example, imagine you are teaching a group how to make pickles. It would be important for students to understand why each step in the pickle-making process is important: It’s important to soak the cucumbers in ice water overnight. This helps make the pickles crisp.If you put a towel under the jars in the canner, they won’t bounce against each other and break.When sterilizing the jars, it’s important to fill each at least halfway with water, AND fill the canner they’re sitting in with water. Too little water and the towel mentioned in the previous bullet will catch on fire. You know this kind of information comes from experience. Respect that Your Students Have Different Learning Styles There are three general learning styles: visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. Visual learners rely on pictures. They love graphs, diagrams, and illustrations. â€Å"Show me,† is their motto. They often sit in the front of the classroom to avoid visual obstructions and to watch you, the teacher. They want to know what the subject looks like. You can best communicate with them by providing handouts, writing on the whiteboard, and using phrases like, â€Å"Do you see how this works?†Auditory learners listen carefully to all sounds associated with the learning. â€Å"Tell me,† is their motto. They will pay close attention to the sound of your voice and all of its subtle messages, and they will actively participate in discussions. You can best communicate with them by speaking clearly, asking questions, and using phrases like, â€Å"How does that sound to you?†Tactile or kinesthetic learners need to physically do something to understand it. Their motto is â€Å"Let me do it.† They trust their feelings and emotions about what theyà ¢â‚¬â„¢re learning and how you’re teaching it. They want to actually touch what they’re learning. They are the ones who will get up and help you with role-playing. You can best communicate with them by involving volunteers, allowing them to practice what they’re learning, and using phrases like, â€Å"How do you feel about that?† Most people use all three styles while they’re learning, and of course, this is logical since we all have five senses, barring any disabilities, but one style almost always is preferred. The big question is, â€Å"How do you, as the teacher, know which student has which learning style?† Without training in neuro-linguistics, it might be difficult, but conducting a short learning style assessment at the beginning of your class would benefit you and the students. This information is as valuable to the student as it is to you. There are several learning style assessments available online, some better than others. A good choice is the one at Ageless Learner. Allow Your Students to Experience What They’re Learning Experience can take many forms. Any activity that gets your students involved makes the learning experiential. This includes small group discussions, experiments, role playing, skits, building something at their table or desk, writing or drawing something specific – activity of any kind. Activities also keep people energized, especially activities that involve getting up and moving about. The other aspect of this principle is honoring the life experiences your students bring to the classroom. Be sure to tap into that wealth of wisdom whenever it’s appropriate. You’ll have to be a good timekeeper because people can talk for hours when asked for personal experiences, but the extra facilitation needed will be well worth the gems your students have to share. When the Student Is Ready, the Teacher Appears â€Å"When the student is ready, the teacher appears† is a Buddhist proverb packed with wisdom. No matter how hard a teacher tries, if the student isn’t ready to learn, chances are good he or she won’t. What does this mean for you as a teacher of adults? Luckily, your students are in your classroom because they want to be. They’ve already determined that the time is right. It’s your job to listen carefully for teaching moments and take advantage of them. When a student says or does something that triggers a topic on your agenda, be flexible and teach it right then. If that would wreak havoc on your schedule, which is often the case, teach a bit about it rather than saying flat out that they’ll have to wait until later in the program. By then, you may have lost their interest. Principle 5: Encourage Your Adult Students For most adults, being out of the classroom for even a few years can make going back to school intimidating. If they haven’t taken a class in decades, it’s understandable that they would have some degree of apprehension about what it will be like and how well they’ll do. It can be tough to be a rookie when you’ve been an expert in your field for many, many years. Nobody enjoys feeling foolish. Your job as a teacher of adult students includes being positive and encouraging. Patience helps too. Give your older students time to respond when you ask a question. They may need a few moments to consider their answer. Recognize the contributions they make, even when small. Give them words of encouragement whenever the opportunity arises. Most adults will rise to your expectations if you’re clear about them. A word of caution here. Being positive and encouraging is not the same as being condescending. Always remember that your students are adults. Speaking to them in the tone of voice you might use with a child is offensive, and the damage can be very difficult to overcome. Genuine encouragement from one person to another, regardless of age, is a wonderful point of human interaction. This is your challenge as a teacher of adults. Beyond teaching your subject, you have the opportunity to inspire confidence and passion in another human being. That kind of teaching changes lives.

Hand In Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Hand In - Assignment Example With the advancement in technology more and more complex program structures are being developed and if it is tested by the result of one’s experience then it will not be time efficient. As time competence factor plays an important role in technology development, therefore, personal experience cannot be considered as a preferred way for verification and performance tuning. Several test cases are created when the testing and verification are carried out by automatic means. These test cases include all the possible paths through which a program can go through. If a program is passed through a test case and it halts in an indeterminate state or infinite condition or it gives undesired output then it means that there is some coding problem in the program and with the help of that particular test case it can be determined that in which line of code error exists. It is also necessary to pass the program through every case in order to make a program error proof. This takes very less time as compared to manual testing and correction of the program which can consume several hours / days to test a complex program. Use of a particular algorithm also depends on the complexity of a program. Some of these are good with more complex structures while others should be preferred for simple program verification and testing. Incorrect selection of an algorithm can be devastative for a system. Manual program verification, testing and performance tuning is very complicated, time consuming and complex therefore it should not have a preference over automatic means in future. Also, it can be deduced from outcomes of artificial intelligence that magnificent performance improvements can be made by using automated tuning process (Hutter and Babic,

Can Character and Communities Survive in the Age of Globalization Essay

Can Character and Communities Survive in the Age of Globalization - Essay Example This has made a world a â€Å"global village† where we interact with peoples of different cultures, use their products and services, and also sell them ours. All these have a significant influence on our lives as is discussed in the later part of the essay. Online Oxford Dictionary defines character as â€Å"the mental and moral qualities distinctive to an individual. Whereas community means â€Å"a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common†. While nations on the whole seem to be benefited from the advantages of globalization which includes economic development, cheap availability of goods and their consumption, high mobility of goods, capital and plentiful labor; the communities within the economy are in fact negatively influenced by the increased globalization. The aforesaid advantages are often associated with globalization but its potential weaknesses are never discussed in great detail, and that is a growing concern t hese days. To show the connection or the relationship between globalization and character/communities let us consider the example of Pak Mun Dam in Thailand. It was constructed with the support of World Bank in 1994 on two rivers flowing in Thailand. Initially the dam was built to meet the power requirements of the country and for the welfare of the people, but it resulted in severe damages to the groups and communities living there. As soon as the dam was built, around 117 square kilometers of land was flooded which caused around 3000 families to move from their living place, fisheries of the Mun River were also adversely affected. Around 25,000 villagers claimed to have been affected by the construction of dam and many protests were also staged, but inadequate compensation was paid to them in return of all they lost. The dam also failed to produce the projected power output and therefore the entire project was unsuccessful. So this was just one of the many examples where economic prosperity and development was exchanged for dislocated people and destroyed communities. Communities play a vital role in any society. Through small groups and communities people find ways to interact with each other, to learn about themselves. Besides, every group or community has its boundaries and its very own identity and culture which gives the people living within it a good sense of belonging and fulfills their social needs as well. At the core of these communities lie the families. The people belonging to different families and the relationships existing among them give any community its true meaning and reason for its existence. Through families people participate in different social activities organized through the community. Hence the family-community exchange is very crucial for the survival of both communities and the character. Communities provide the families with culture, facilities, values and protect it from the measures that could otherwise jeopardize the satisfac tion of wants. And families, then again, protect these cultural values and norms through its social activities and passing these values from one generation to the other (Robertson). With the advent of globalization, the world today exhibits the nature of a global village with everything global, new, different, faster and turbulent. Globalization results in economic development and

Human and Utilitarianism Essay Example for Free

Human and Utilitarianism Essay Let me begin by defining Utilitarianism: utilitarianism is the belief of doing what is right for the greater number of people. It is a theory used to determine the usefulness of the happiest outcome and how it will affect everyone else. Now, this sounds like a amazing theory, what would be better than making yourself and others happy? I found myself at first agreeing with this theory up until I really looked into it. At first I found myself thinking that not everything is about being happy; some may have to suffer for the happiness of others. For example, there were two boats one contains three criminals on death row being transported to prison and the other boat contains ten happy, loving families simply enjoying a vacation. Both ships have bombs that will go off in a matter of seconds, blowing up both ships and killing everyone. However, there is a solution. I for some odd reason have a device that sets off a bomb on ONE SHIP and deactivates the other. Now the morally right thing to do would be what? What is moral and right? Taking lives? Or saving them? I do not believe in ‘playing God’ or taking lives. I would simply ignore the Utilitarianism way of thinking and walk away. I would let nature take its course. If God has arranged this to happen, then it is meant to happen. Who am I to walk in and ‘play God’ ? I have to say I agree with Hospers when he says â€Å"A hundred men might gain great pleasure from beating up or killing just one Insignificant human being; but other mens lives are not theirs to dispose of. † (Hospers) A Utilitarian would approach this situation by asking himself/herself, what will bring happiness? What will do good for greater numbers of people? Why should the prisoners get to live? There are only three prisoners, and have done nothing good but cause harm to society. What have these families done? The Utilitarian will start to analyze each detail of the situation. They first see that there are only three prisoners as opposed to ten large families. Hence, there are less people on the prisoners boat. Then he/she will see that the prisoners have already been sentenced to death, all being on death row. However, the main point will be that these are three bad men. Doing bad things, and causing pain and sorrow to others. Why should ten happy families be punished for their wrong doings? The Utilitarian would settle for simply deactivating the bomb on the prisoners boat. Believing that killing them will bring greater good and happiness to all. My argument to this is a human life is a human life; what if one of those men are actually innocent and were convicted for a crime he didn’t commit? What if the other criminal was to be released in the morning and go home to a family of eight children and a loving wife? Truth is we don’t know. Utilitarianism fails to acknowledge that a life is a life- we are not suppose to be playing God. We don’t decide who lives and who dies, even if it is for the greater good. We should just let nature run its course. Utilitarianism is a theory of always choosing pleasure over pain for the greater good of all. I believe that I have kept a closed mind towards Utilitarianism. The prisoners are already on death row, which means they are going to die for the evil they have set loose on our world. Why should I sacrifice the lives of innocent families, for a couple of men that have caused unhappiness to all? I want to reach happiness, as does everyone else in the world. I mean does the world function over what the greater good for all is? Is that why we have soldiers in Iraq sacrificing their lives for the greater good of America? Maybe I have just overlooked all the positive outcomes of Utilitarianism. I find myself agreeing with a lot of what it has to say. I want happiness, I want innocent lives to be saved, and I want to strive for the greater good of all. I find it interesting how easy it is to fall into the comfort of Utilitarianism. It goes along with my morals and values and yet I still feel a sort of guilt. If I were to deactivate the bomb on the ship with the families and let the prisoners die, I would still be taking a human life. In my religion (Catholicism), a life is a life. We must forgive sinners and those who have sinned against us. But if these prisoners are on death row†¦were they already destined to die? Would that already be in God’s plan? Was it God who sacrificed his only son for all of us sinners? I feel in a way that makes God himself a follower of utilitarianism. He set the example of offering his only son for our sins, to open the gates of heaven for everyone. Yet one of the Ten Commandments is â€Å"Thou shall not kill. † Is that not hypocritical? As I keep analyzing this situation I realize that God is God. He decides who lives and who dies, not us. I feel that it’s hard to stick to my morals when hearing the theory of Utilitarianism. Allowing someone to die at my hand for the greater good, for happiness of others. That just sounds selfish to me, kind of like the holocaust. Did all those innocent Jews endure experimentation and torture for the greater good of all? I mean, if it weren’t for these grotesque experiments we wouldn’t know the maximum altitude that crews in damaged planes can parachute safely to the ground or find the cure/treatment for hypothermia. The Jews were used as guinea pigs for the greater good of everyone else. Is that not Utilitarianism? So many people could have died of hypothermia if that experiment was never conducted. But how many innocent lives were lost to reach this conclusion? Is there a limit to how much sacrifice should be made for the greater good? There should be. This is where I cannot connect with Utilitarianism, the fact that some sort of evil has to be done to help others. I see hypocrisy in this theory; it wants happiness but wants to rule out evil. People are evil, mean and rude. No one can be happy all the time; no one can bring eternal happiness. This takes me back to my original example, who would I save? The prisoners on death row or the innocent families? The Utilitarian’s seem to have a more interesting argument. Its funny how by writing this paper, my views changed. I look at the situation differently now. I do not feel as biased and conservative as before. My ideas have changed to a more liberal understanding sense. Why release these evil me back into the world? We have enough chaos and evil. These are just three men who chose their paths and now have to pay for it. They were sentenced to death for a reason, I will not be held responsible for the innocence of happy families, children, parents, aunts and uncles. They are not in prison because they have not done anything wrong. They simply stepped onto a ship, whose fate I now hold in my hands. I have made my choice; I will deactivate the bomb on the families boat and let the prisoners face death.

Irony in Tim O’Brien’s How to Tell a True War Story Essay -- How to Te

Irony in Tim O’Brien’s â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story† â€Å"This is true.† (O’Brien, 420) – with this simple statement which also represents a first, three-word introductory paragraph to Tim O’Brien’s short story, â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story†, the author reveals the main problem of what will follow. â€Å"Truth† – when looked up in a dictionary, we would probably find definitions similar to sincerity and honesty on the one hand, and correctness, accuracy or reality on the other hand. When looking at these definitions, one can make out two groups of meaning: While sincerity and honesty are very subjective, correctness or accuracy are supposed to be objective by nature. One can be sincere and still not report the truth, due to the simple fact that one does not know any better. Accuracy, however, is supposed to represent facts, bits and pieces of information that paint a picture of an event, untouched by opinion or attitude. In his short story, O’Brien unravels step by step the irony in the double meaning of truth, implied in this first statement, â€Å"This is true†, to the reader which is then woven through the entire story. By trying to characterize what constitutes a true war story, but never really achieving this goal, the true irony of his short story is revealed. Even though in some instances giving away his opinion explicitly, the sheer contradiction of honesty and reality becomes even more visible in an implicit way by following O’Brien’s explanations throughout the story while he deconstructs his first statement. The incongruity between his first statement and what is actually shown in his examples does not need any explicit statements to drive home his message. An interesting combination of recalled events and editorial commentary, the story is not set up like a traditional short story. One of the most interesting, and perhaps troubling, aspects of the construction of â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story† is O’Brien’s choice to create a fictional, first-person narrator who might just as well be the author himself. Because â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story† is told from a first-person perspective and O’Brien is an actual Vietnam veteran, a certain authenticity to this story is added. He, as the â€Å"expert† of war leads the reader through the story. Since O’Brien has experienced the actual war from a soldier’s point of view, he should be able to present the truth about war... ...r because it seems impossible to reconstruct an event from this objective point of view. Maybe the point of telling stories is not trying to recreate the reality of a past event, but it is the message that matters because that might be in the end the only thing that does not necessarily depend on single details of the story, but on the overall picture of an event. That is why to O’Brien another important component of a war story is the fact that a war story will never pin down the definite truth and that is why a true war story â€Å"never seems to end† (O’Brien, 425). O’Brien moves the reader from the short and simple statement â€Å"This is the truth† to the conclusion that, â€Å"In war you lose your sense of the definite, hence your sense of truth itself and therefore it’s safe to say that in a true war story nohting much is ever very true† (O’Brien, 428). These two statements frame the entire irony of the story, from it s beginning to its end. Almost like the popular saying â€Å"A wise man admits that he knows nothing.† Works Cited O’Brien, Tim. â€Å"How To Tell a True War Story.† The Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature. Ed. Michael Meyer. Boston: Bedford St. Martins, 2003. p. 420-429.

I am not esther Essay

Describe a conflict/challenge faced by a character in the novel. Explain why the conflict/challenge is important. Fleur Beale effectively creates conflict between her two main characters 14 year old Kirby Pilgrim and her Uncle Caleb in the novel I Am Not Esther by throwing together two contrasting characters. This conflict is important because it introduces new characters to the plot, develops relationships, creates suspense, and reveals the themes identity crisis and rebellion. When Kirby’s mother, without much notice leaves Kirby in the care of her Uncle Caleb, leader of a cult and takes off to Africa Kirby’s world is turned upside down. At the first meeting Uncle Caleb introduces Kirby as Esther. â€Å" I am not Esther† Kirby repeated in protest, â€Å"I’m Kirby† But he insisted that she would have to use her new name as all the women of their faith had Biblical names. Kirby was used to dyeing her hair red and green for Christmas but now Uncle Caleb made her tie her hair in a braid and wear a headscarf in public. In protest Kirby hacked her hair with a kitchen knife. He also made her abandon her jeans and T-shirt and for a Long blue skirt, white loose blouse done up to the neck and up to the wrists, big white apron, laced up shoes and underwear ‘big enough to hide a cow’. Kirby who was loathe to give up her jeans objected by saying, â€Å"I’m allergic to skirts. † Besides these impositions there was no TV or radio at the cult and no books to read but for the Bible as they ‘kept their thoughts turned to the lord. Also she had to use formal language and obey the rules of the cult without question as the women of the cult always put themselves in the background. When Kirby tried to assert herself Uncle Caleb locked her in the prayer room where she remained isolated until such time Uncle Caleb released her. This conflict is important because it introduces new characters like Daniel and Maggie into the plot and develops fascinating relationships between them. Esther’s cousin Daniel helped Kirby find her mother’s things after Uncle Caleb refused to let her have them and Esther found comfort in the innocent 5 year old Maggie. The conflict also creates suspense as the reader is kept guessing, will Kirby get out of the cult and be reunited with her mother with Daniel’s help or will she succumb to the pressure from Uncle Caleb and accept the lifestyle of the cult. When Esther protests to her change in name and hairstyle and dress the themes identity crisis and rebellion are revealed by her actions. â€Å"I don’t know who I am any longer† Esther said to her mother when they were reunited, confused about her identity as any fourteen year old who had so much change inflicted on her in such a short span of time would feel. So we see that Fleur Beale has deliberately used conflict in the novel so that the reader is engaged with the characters and the plot of the novel and the resolution in the end becomes all the more meaningful because of the conflict that Esther faced when she moved to live in the cult and met the domineering Uncle Caleb.

What the Bible says and doesn’t say about homosexuality

I waited to enter the debate again until my heart was In the right place and free of anger towards those who disagree with my viewpoint. Now I ask you prayerfully consider these words, not Just rejecting them in favor of your personal prejudices. Search the Scriptures, casting aside all previous viewpoints and open your heart to what the Spirit of God is speaking to you. Many well meaning people build their case against homosexuality almost entirely on the Bible. They, Just as l, value the ancient text, and seek its guidance In their lives. Unfortunately, many of them have never really studied what the Bible does and isn't say about homosexuality. I was unaware until about 2 years ago that a lot of what I'd been taught about the Bible by people who love God and want to teach others the words, was derived from an improper understanding of context, history, and also literalism, which was seen as heresy even going back to Origin and Popularly, early church fathers who were students of A postle John. When I searched further, I came to see the Bible as more.I saw Its many cultures, religions and spiritualistic, but more importantly, I saw people who were trying with their limited understanding of the universe, nature, biology, and overall knowledge, to make sense of a world, and a God, they didn't understand. The Bible has a powerful message for all regardless of gender, sexual orientation, personal philosophy or spiritual practice. But it's a message of love and acceptance, not condemnation and, hate, and fear. Don't take my word for It, though.I ask only that you'd consider what careful research. Prayer, and meditation has taught me about the passages used by some people to condemn God's children simply because of a biological factor like attraction. Premise 1: The rampant epidemic of biblical illiteracy in this country A recent study quoted by DRP. Peter Gomes in The Good Book found that 38 percent of Americans polled were certain the Old Testament was written a f ew years after Jesus' death. Ten percent believed Joan of Arc was Nosh's wife.Many even thought the epistles were the wives of the apostles. A few key points Jesus says nothing about same-sex behavior. The Jewish prophets are silent about homosexuality. Only six or seven of the Bible's one million verses refer to same-sex behavior in any way ? and none of these verses refer to homosexual orientation as It's understood today. Premise 2: Historically, people's misinterpretation of the Bible has left a trail of suffering, bloodshed, and death.Over the centuries, people, well meaning or otherwise, who misunderstood or misinterpreted the Bible have done terrible things. The Bible has been twisted to defend bloody crusades and tragic inquisitions; to support slavery, apartheid, and segregation; to persecute Jews and other non- Christian people of faith; to support Hitter's Third Reich and the Holocaust; to oppose medical science; to condemn Interracial marriage; to execute women as witche s; and Scripture for his purpose. Looking at recent history, within the past 60 years, countless LIGHT people, all of them children of God, were murdered, assaulted, abused, arrested, rejected, ostracizes, fired from Jobs, had their children taken away, and denied basic civil rights because of six or seven verses, most of them taken grossly out of context. Most of the people I know who say â€Å"the Bible condemns homosexuality' would never condone these acts. Most Christians have no idea that the people killing gay and lesbian persons go around quoting those few verses of Scripture as Justification.But it's important to hear these stories, because I'm not writing this little pamphlet as a scholarly exercise. It's a matter of life and death. I'm pleading on the side of love. Premise 3: We must be open to new truth from Scripture God is constantly speaking. What was once adamantly declared as truth in one age is now regarded with ignorance in another. SST. Peter was commanded to kil l and eat animals he once regarded as unclean to show that the old covenant dietary laws had been lifted. SST.Paul, who once killed those who claimed the name of Jesus, in a matter of hours loved the God-Man whom he once despised as a false prophet. Even Jerry Falafel, a bastion of evangelical and fundamentalist Christianity, believed the Bible supported segregation in the church until a black shoeshine man asked him, â€Å"When will someone like me be allowed to become a member of your congregation? † I ask you to look again, with careful prayer, study, and meditation, this issue of sexual orientation. Don't Just accept mindlessly the words of a pastor or priest, but as SST.Paul said in 1st Thessalonians, â€Å"†Test all things and hold fast to that which is good. † We must look at all verses within two frameworks Galatians 5:22-23 â€Å"But the fruit of the Spirit is love, Joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, gentleness, faithfulness, and self control. There is no law against such things. † Philippians 4:8 â€Å"Finally, beloved, whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is Just, whatever is pure, whatever is pleasing, whatever is commendable, if there is any excellence and if there is anything worthy of praise, think upon these things.Even if we believe the Bible is â€Å"infallible† or â€Å"without error,† it's dangerous to think that our understanding of every biblical text is also without error. We are human. We are fallible. And we can misunderstand and misinterpret these ancient words often with devastating results. Premise 4: The Bible is a book about God, not human sexuality The Bible is about God's love for his children and all of his creation. It's a story of God who is healing, renewing, empowering, and loving us, his sons and daughters, so we can follow God's example with others.

Census Offers Statistics on Older Americans

Census Offers Statistics on Older Americans On July 1, 2004, 12 percent of all Americans were 65 years of age and over. By 2050, people 65 and over will comprise an impressive 21 percent of the U.S. population, reports the U.S. Census Bureau. Every year since May 1963, Older Americans Month has been honored with a presidential proclamation. Last year, President George W.  Bush said, â€Å"Older Americans help others to understand the past, and they teach timeless lessons of courage, endurance and love. Through their legacy of patriotism, service, and responsibility, Americas seniors also unite families and communities and serve as role models for younger generations.† In observance of Older Americans Month 2005, the U.S. Census Bureau has compiled some revealing statistics about Americas aging population. Population 36.3 million The number of people 65 and over in the U.S. on July 1, 2004. This age group accounts for 12 percent of the total U.S. population. Between 2003 and 2004, 351,000 people moved into this age group.86.7 million Projected number of people 65 and over in the year 2050. People in this age group would comprise 21 percent of Americas total population at that time.147% Projected percentage increase in the 65-and-over population between 2000 and 2050. By comparison, the population as a whole would have increased by only 49 percent over the same period. Jobs 4.6 million Number of people age 65 and over who are still employed. This amounts to 13 percent of all people in this age group. Education 77%- Proportion of people ages 65 to 69 who graduated from high school. Seventy-three percent of people ages 70 to 74 and 68 percent of those 75 and over are also high school graduates.20% Percentage of the population ages 65 to 69 who have a bachelors degree or higher education. Among people ages 70 to 74, 19 percent have achieved this level of education; for those 75 and over, 15 percent are college graduates.73,000 Number of people 65 and over enrolled in college in October 2002.The Census Bureau has also reported that a college degree greatly increases a persons lifetime earnings, with persons holding masters degrees typically earning $1.3 million over their lifetimes than those with high school diplomas only. On a yearly basis, a college degree typically at least doubles a persons average annual earnings.   Income and Wealth $108,885 Median net worth in 2000 of households with householders 65 and over. In contrast, householders under the age of 35 had a median household net worth of $7,240.$23,787 Median 2003 income of households with householders 65 and over, statistically unchanged, in real terms, from the previous year.10.2% Poverty rate for people 65 and over in 2003. Voting Patterns 65% Percentage of registered voters ages 65 to 74 who voted in the 2002 Congressional election. Seventy-two percent of people ages 65 to 74 voted in the 2000 presidential election. This age group had the highest rate of voter participation in both the 2000 and 2002 elections. Service to Our Nation 9.7 million Estimated number of people age 65 and over who are military veterans. [Source: U.S. Census Bureau]

How to Start a Persuasive Essay

How to Start a Persuasive Essay An introduction paragraph content may vary according to the assignment, but the student writing the persuasive essay – which argues a point that is defended with evidence – usually follows a basic set of guidelines. A persuasive essay  is a type of writing that attempts to convince the reader or opponent that your argument or claim is correct. The main objective of the persuasive speech is to make the students master the art of persuasion.  This type of essay is a common assignment during high-school and early college years, so senior high school students and junior college students should benefit from it most of all. A persuasive essay outline is as follows: an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Arguably the most important part of a persuasive essay, the basic introduction paragraph should attempt to accomplish three specific objectives: 1. Introduce the topic the student is covering, exploring or analyzing – indicating that topic’s relevance, or the writer’s interest in its application, and the kind of frame and context in which it will be discussed. 2. Indicate how the persuasive essay will be structured, clearly stating the major transitions and sections, themes and points that will comprise it. 3. State the thesis of the persuasive essay – the statement or theory that will be put forward as a premise for the rest of the paper; the issue being argued. HOW TO WRITE A PERSUASIVE ESSAY An introduction paragraph content may vary according to the assignment (the assignment could be a persuasive essay, general research paper, a thesis or dissertation paper), but the student writing the persuasive essay – which argues a point that is defended with evidence – usually follows a basic set of guidelines. Steps to Writing an Introduction to a Persuasive Essay STEP 1. Craft a solid thesis statement. This is done when the student-writer narrows the focus of their argument after finding substantial evidence that supports that argument; once a thesis statement has been chosen, sculpted and strengthened, the student can plan and outline the rest of the essay. This enables the student to craft an interesting topic sentence, which will be addressed in step 3. STEP 2. Outline the rest of the essay, paragraph by paragraph. In many cases, the introduction paragraph will read almost like an outline for the rest of the paper – it should have an introduction, a declared Thesis Statement, and its supporting evidence, and a conclusion tying it all together. STEP 3. Write one or two topic sentence. Generally, the first sentence a persuasive essay, the topic sentence generally helps the reader ease into reading the essay. The topic sentence also helps the writer organize the introductory paragraph, building up to the thesis; ultimately the topic sentence serves as a signpost for the argument. It also defines the scope of the paragraph. Topic sentences announce the boundaries and context of the subject, the issue or overall topic being examined, analyzed or evaluated, explaining why it is important, relevant and pertinent in an academic setting and worth discussing at length. A topic sentence may be a simple anecdote, could be a question or even a famous quote, but not without explaining why it is important and worth discussing. STEP 4. Follow with the Thesis Statement. By this time the student should have a solid, concise argument, which can be written in one to two sentences at the very most. STEP 5. Include the points that support the argument but keep them brief. This part of the introduction paragraph aims to indicate the points in the body paragraphs that will defend the paper’s thesis, the essay’s fundamental argument. They should not be too specific, nor be very long in length. Of course, not every introductory paragraph of a persuasive essay will follow this order precisely; however, this is a basic outline for a student writing the persuasive essay for the first time. TOP 101 PERSUASIVE ESSAY TOPICS Essay writing in general and persuasive writing specifically are our staple services. We guarantee that you will receive a paper that is properly written, correctly formatted, contains proper language and is based on results of recent research. Place an order on our Order Page.

Video about environmental science Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Video about environmental science - Movie Review Example This process is known as infiltration. Rainwater permeates through pores in the soil and the bedrock in the process called as percolation. The seeped water later makes source of streams. Then through the process of evaporation, water goes back into the atmosphere in the form of water vapors and the cycle continues. Water also evaporates from leaves of the plants through a process known as transpiration. The video is very informative in general, and gives patent definitions of all terms involved in the water cycle including evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, infiltration and percolation. The whole water cycle is explained with the help of moving images which enhances the learning. Every second of the video is very informative and not a bit can be missed because every second reveals important information that makes part of the process missing which, the process gets interrupted. The video could have been more informative had the temperatures at which water normall y evaporates, transpires and condenses had been discussed! Works Cited: The Earth's Water Cycle - Environmental Science. YouTube, 2008. Film.

The Impact of Financial Crisis on Honda Research Paper

The Impact of Financial Crisis on Honda - Research Paper Example The descriptive method of research is adopted. Accordingly, Creswell (1994) stated that the descriptive method of research is to gather information about the present existing condition. The emphasis is on describing rather than on judging or interpreting. The aim of descriptive research is to verify formulated hypotheses that refer to the present situation in order to elucidate it. For this study, the descriptive research method was employed in order to identify the impact of competence and sustainability in the automotive industry of Honda. This study looks at the success that Honda Corporation has had in managing social capital in its supply chain. Using self-report surveys from 120 participants at a Honda-sponsored supplier competition, researchers find that those people who participate in the quality-teams report that they are more satisfied with their work, feel that they improved the effectiveness of their company, and continue to offer suggestions to improve their supplier's o perations. Resources that are valuable especially human resources, rare, and can be exploited by the organization can produce sustained competitive advantage and earn above-average economic performance (Barney, 2001). A lot has been written about the value of people in organizations. Huselid and Becker (1997) found that a one standard deviation improvement in an organization's human resources system could increase shareholder wealth by as much as $41,000 per employee. Barney (2001) contends that successfully managing relationships can be a source of resource-based competitive advantage. But the financial crisis has crept into the auto companies and many of the giants like Honda and Toyota are facing the crisis with severe cuts in production, sales etc. Honda declared its shock withdrawal from Formula One of the global financial crisis, terminating an association which began in the 1960s. This has led to raising further fears over the sport's future (Source: http://www.asiaone.com). Honda Motor president Takeo Fukui made the announcement at an emotional press conference, repeatedly apologizing to fans, staff, drivers and F1 authorities. He said 2008 is Honda's last season. The Japanese carmaker will not provide its engines to any other teams (Source: http://www.asiaone.com). "This is a complete withdrawal. The future is a blank sheet," he said. "Five years from now, I think history will show we made the right decision" (Source: http://www.asiaone.com). Â  

The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde - Essay Example Harry’s argument easily wins him over and he is totally changed person after the meeting. â€Å"The few words that Basils friend had said to him--words spoken by chance, no doubt, and with willful paradox in them--had touched some secret chord that had never been touched before, but that he felt was now vibrating and throbbing to curious pulses.† But the worldly and satanic wisdom of his mentor makes him break the heart of the innocent soul. He feels remorse at first but again justifies himself in the light of Machiavellian morality of Lord Henry. Lord Henry is the evil angel of the story .Every moment the hero is close to repentance, he appears from nowhere and through his devilish speech changes the mind of Dorian. One is wonderstruck at the callousness of both Henry and Dorian they show at the death of Sibyl. â€Å"What is done is done. What is past is past." The yellow book is another diversion provided to him by Lord Henry. This book further goads him to indulge in â€Å"all the passions and modes of thought that belonged to every century except his own.† Now Evil in him is in its true attire. Under his influence, the friends meet destruction. He murders his once beloved Basil as he exposed the ugliness of Dorian’s soul .The portrait is a surrogate of soul, so when he sins his soul is changed . Even in the end to avoid the pangs of consciousness, he resorts to opium. He seems to be following Henry’s philosophy â€Å"To cure the soul by means of the senses, and the senses by means of the soul.† When Dorian has ominous hallucinations about his possible end, all his fears are dispelled by Lord Henry who declares that destiny is too wise or cruel to send us omens. The bad influence of Lord Henry even subdues the feelings of guilt created in Dorian’s heart. His resolve to reform himself is diverted to some other thoughts. The damnation is complete .The inherent evil in the

Nestle International Mergers And Acquisitions Management Essay

Nestle International Mergers And Acquisitions Management Essay Nestle` is one of the largest Nutrition, health and wellness company and committed to provide the best Nutritional food and products around the Globe. Company was founded in 1866 by Henri Nestlà © in VeVey (Switzerland). Nestle is a flat organisation with few levels of management and span of control. Moreover, currently company is operating in 84 different countries with 456 factories. Furthermore, In order to ensure the company long term sustainable growth and better understand of customers needs, Company constantly reviews its product portfolio and focuses on its efforts to conduct research. Consequencely, success of Nestle is a reflection of clear define responsibilities, reflection of professionalism, responsible attitude of management, well defined objective as well as significant global leadership position (www.nestle.com) Nestle Brands: (www.nestle.com) The Nestlà © brand portfolio such as milk and dairy products, nutritions, weight management, performance and healthcare, breakfast cereals, ice cream, coffee and culinary products (prepared dishes, cooking aids, sauces) pet care, bottled water etc. practically cover all food and beverage categories. Many of the brands have leadership with in the local and global market and existed for several years, for instance S.Pellegrino the mineral water from Italy, and Nestlà © Moà §a in Brazil, are over 100 years old. The best-known global brands include Nescafà ©, Nestea, Maggi, Buitoni, Purina and Nestlà © itself. Furthermore other brands for instance Milo, Nespresso, Nesquik, Kit Kat, Smarties, Polo, Friskies, Perrier and Vittel sells in many countries. It is considered that total number of brands including local and international reaches into the several thousands. NESTLE INTERNATIONAL MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS. Key Dates 1866 Company Founded 1905 Nestle Merger with Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company 1929 Nestle Merger with Peter, Cailler, and Kohler Chocolates Suisses S.A. 1947 Nestle Merger with Alimentana S.A. (Maggi) 1971 Nestle Merge with Merger with Ursina-Franck1974LOrà ©al (equity interest) 1977 Nestle Acquire Alcon (2002: partial IPO) 1985 Nestle Acquire Carnation 1988 Nestle Acquire Buitoni-Perugina 1988 Nestle Acquire Rowntree 1992 Nestle Acquire Perrier 1998 Nestle Acquire San Pellegrino and Spillers Pet foods 2000 Nestle Acquire Power Bar 2001 Nestle Acquire Ralston Purina 2002 Nestle Acquire Schà ¶ller and Chef America 2003 Nestle Acquire of Mà ¶venpick, Powwow and Dreyers 2004 Nestle Acquire Valio (ice cream) 2005 Nestle Acquire Wagner, Protà ©ika, Musashi 2007    Novartis Medical Nutrition, Gerber and Henniez 2009    Vitality Beverage business 2010    Nestle Acquire Kraft Pizza JOINT VENTURES Key Dates 1974 LOrà ©al 1981 Galderma (joint venture with LOrà ©al) 1990 Nestle Joint Venture with General Mills (Cereal Partners world wide) 1991 Nestle Joint Venture with Coca Cola (formerly CCNR) Beverage Partners Worldwide 2002 Nestle Joint Venture with Fonterra (Dairy Partners Americas) Competitiveness (www.nestle.com) Nestle, competitive advantages among the competitors are based on four points, For instance, Nestle product and brand portfolio such as Nestle Group is the manufacturer of billions of different products and operates in thousands of value added brand around the world. Furthermore, Nestle unmatched Geographically presence, for instance Nestle spend approx CHF 35 billions in emerging market in every year which is higher than a average growth and profitability, Moreover, Nestle leading RD capabilities, for Instance Company spend approx CHF 2.0 billions on RD for innovations and renovation to increased awareness in local taste and preference. In addition, company international business strategy such as to respect and follows all applicable local, laws, legislation, religious practices and culture aspect. International Business Strategy Nestlà ©s international business strategies are associated with direct foreign investment in food or other dairy business. For instance, operating in the advanced market, Nestlà © policy is to invest direct with the big companies to achieve the economical scale, or, establish strategic alliance with large companies and sights the new markets for business growth. Moreover in less developed market Nestle grow by processing technology or employ the local brand or acquire the local company. For its significant growth in future, Nestle is actively focused on the Developing and Emerging Market (DE) for instance India and China. It is considered that the populations of DE economies will increase by 3300 million by the end of 2050. The Sales in DE economies market is accounted CHF 35,000 millions in percentage 30% of the total sale which has been increased 15.4% over 2007 and company expects to double in the next ten years Nestlà © Corporate Governance The company governance bodies are Board of Directors (Board) Chairman and Corporate Governance Committee (CCGC) Compensation Committee (CC) Nomination committee (NC) Audit Committee (AC) Chairman of the Board Chief Executives Officer (CEO) Executive Board (EB) Board of Directors (Board) According to the company Article of Associations 2009 Article 14 15, Number of Directors and term of office, The Board of Directors shall consist of at least seven members also board shall be elected for three years by the General Meeting. Furthermore each year board will renew by rotation and will establish new order of rotation in the case of increase or decrease of board of director. The board Members are: Chairman Two Voice Chairmen Chief Executive officer (CEO) Members of the Committee Role of the Board and its Committees According to the company Article of Associations 2009 (NO 16), board is responsible for the selection of chairman and voice Chairmen, and its assignment of responsibilities. Furthermore According to the company Article of Associations 2009 (No17 18), article defines the general power of board such as board can conduct business to the extent that is not within the board regulation or general meeting. Moreover board is responsible for, For instance, Management and supervision of the business The appointment and removal of the chairman and Voice chairmen The appointment and removal of committee members The appointment of CEO and members of Executive board (EU) Preparation of Management report also preparation of General Meetings including agenda and proposal. The company long term Strategy Financial operation Establish or close branch office The Chairman and Corporate Governance Committee (CCGC) This committee consists of Chairmen, Two voice chairmen, Chief executive officer and elected member of the board. Furthermore, committee liaises between board and chairman. The board approved power and duties for (CCGC) and particularly (CCGC) acts as a consoler and solve the management issue between chairman and chief executive officer. The Compensation Committee (CC) The Compensation committee is consists of minimum two non executive members of the board and chief executive officer; furthermore CC recommends compensation policy to the board and also proposes the remuneration system and principals for approvals. The Nomination Committee (NC) The Nomination committee is consists of independent and non executive members of the board preferably not the member of (CCGC) committee, furthermore this committee establish principal to select candidate for board of director also prepare proposal for board decision. The Audit Committee (AC) The Audit committee is consists of minimum two non executive members of the board and voice chairmen who control the committee, furthermore majority of the members are independent and at least one member have financial expertise. Moreover the responsibly of AC is to assists the Board to fulfill its responsibilities with respect to financial and accounting reporting process also overview of risk management as well as internal and external audit process also unrestricted approach to the companys record . Chairman of the Board The chairman is responsible to supervise the board (subject to the power of board) and management of the company governance. Chairman responsibilities are, For instance Leads the Board Overall responsibilities for the development of strategies (together with CEO) Appointment and removal of proposal shareholder and executive management To ensure the alignment of boards strategies and board committee To ensure the proper flow of information In coordination with CEO, Responsible to organise and chair the board meeting Responsible to organise and chair the General Meeting Work close to nomination committee (assessment of board of director nomination) Takes a leading role to design the group corporate governance The Chief executive officer The chief executive officer is considered the supreme executive authority for the company and the Groups (subject to the power reserved to the board) the committee and the chairman, furthermore, CEO has following duties and powers, For instance Organise, manage and monitor the business affairs To approve, acquisitions, participations, investment and divestitures In coordination with chairman, submit proposal to the board for the nomination or dismissal To call and chair the meetings of Executive board Report to chairman The vice Chairmen The board shall appoint two independent directors as vice chairmen, responsibilities of vice chairmen are to work close to the chairmen and discuss industrial, strategic marketing, internal control as well as financial issue. Furthermore, one of them should be have financial expertise to ensure the good internal financial control and second should have industrial experience on the global level Code of Business Conduct The Nestlà © Code of Business Conduct are designed to provide a frame of reference against all possible situations that may occur and helps the continued implementation of the Corporate Business Principles Moreover the purpose of the code is to employees should seek guidance when they are in doubt situation, and avoid all those conduct which may damage Nestle reputation. The main points of code of business conduct, For instance Compliance with laws, rules and regulations Conflicts of Interest Outside directorships and other outside activities Families and Relatives Corporate opportunities Insider trading Antitrust and fair dealing Confidential information Fraud, protection of company assets, accounting Bribery and corruption Gifts, meals, entertainment Discrimination and harassment Failure to comply Reporting illegal or non-compliant conduct STRATEGIC APPROCHES FOR REDUCE POLITICAL, OPERATIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE VULNERABILITIES Corporate Business Principles (International) Nestle business objective is to market and manufacture the products such a way to create long term value for business partner, shareholders, consumers, and employees, and also to ensure the highest standard of organisation. Moreover nestle is committed to create the value for all those communities around the world where Nestle market there products. Nestle corporate business principles are based on, for instance, fairness, honesty and sound human values such as, consumer communication principal, human right principal, child labor and environment protection principal, and translated into 40 different languages Therefore, company respect and follows all applicable local, laws and legislation, religious practices and culture aspect. In additions, Nestlà © Management is committed to follow the Business Principles to avoid the administrative and operational Vulnerabilities; therefore management is responsible for, For instance, Manage professional skills, Curiosity and open-mindedness High level of interest in other cultures, Commitment to continuous learning, improving, and sharing knowledge Motivate staff in order to contribute wider group performance Involvement of each employee at all levels (concerned with continuously adding value to company). Consequencely, success of Nestle is a reflection of clear defines responsibilities, reflection of professionalism, responsible attitude of management, well defined objective as well as significant global leadership position. Company Performance (www.nestle.com) 15-Apr-2010 Strong support for Board proposals at Nestlà © AGM Mar-2010 Nestlà © Bets on Mexican Coffee 02-Mar-2010 Nestlà © completes acquisition of Kraft Foods frozen pizza business 05-Jan-2010 Nestlà © to acquire Kraft Foods frozen pizza business 05-Jan-2010 Nestlà © opens global RD Centre 04-Jan-2010 Nestlà © to sell remaining Alcon shares to Novartis. Annual General Meeting On 15-April-2010 The Nestle Annual General Meeting was held in VeVey (Switzerland), the main points of the meeting for instance, the meeting has approved the annual reports and re-elected the Peter Brabeck-Letmathe (chairman), for three year, also other board member such as Steven G. Hoch (Founder and senior partner) and Andrà © Kudelski (Chairman and CEO Kudelski group) and two new board members, Ms Titia de Lange and Mr. Jean-Pierre Roth selected for three years. Furthermore 2,640 shareholders have approved the proposal for increase the dividend to CHF 1.60 per share. Moreover chairman has point out the issue regarding deforestation of rainforest to shareholders and explained Nestle is working towards to the end of deforestation of rainforest. Acquisition of Kraft Foods frozen pizza business On 05-January 2010 Nestle has showed the interest to acquire the Kraft food frozen business in the USA and Canadian market with including brands are such as California Pizza, DiGiorno, Tombstone, Jacks and Delissio for USD 3.7 billion in cash. Furthermore it is considered that USA is the largest pizza market in the world and it generate about USD 37 billion, therefore Paul Bulcke, CEO of Nestlà © said, This acquisition will bring the selection of great US and Canadian brands and also it will enhances Nestlà ©s frozen food activities in North America where Nestlà © only had a minor presence until now. In addition, this acquisition will provide a strong strategic pillar in the US and Canadian Market where company already established a leadership in dishes and hand held products, such as Lean Cuisine, Buitoni, Lean Pockets, Stouffers and Hot Pockets. Consequently, on 01 March 2010 after completion of closing conditions Nestlà © has concluded the acquisition of Kraft Foods frozen pizza. Nestlà © Bets on Mexican Coffee Nestlà © has announced the plans to invest US$ 390 million in Mexican production and infrastructure facilities. The investment will be directed Nescafe instant coffee processing plant to expand the capacity by 40%, which will make it the worlds largest coffee processing plant. Due to the low production cost and vast network of trade, Nestle is planning to build Mexico as a regional export hub in the American zone. Nestlà © opens global RD Centre On 05-Jan-2010 Nestlà © has open a Global RD center in Santiago de Chile. The New RD Center will include the bioactive ingredients to reduce the sugar and fat level in the biscuits without compromising the biscuit quality. Sell of remaining Alcon shares to Novartis On 04 Jan 2010 Nestlà © S.A. has transferred the Alcon remaining 156,076,263 shares representing around 52% of the companys issued and outstanding share to Novartis, accordance with the contract agreed on 6 April 2008. Moreover, the reason for transfer the control are gradually based on three issues for instance, The divestment of Alcon, The initial IPO of 23.25% in 2002 The sale of 24.8% in 2008 And the exercise of the call option by Novartis. Alcon was acquired by Nestlà © in 1977 for USD 280 million Nestle share buy back Programme. Nestle boards of Directors Continues to believe that significant share buy back Programme should help to drive the performance of food and beverage business and enhance the shareholder value, Therefore Nestle Board has announced share buy back Programme on 15 August 2007 for over the next three year subject to market conditions. The objective of this Programme was to improve capital efficiency and future prospects of food and beverage business. The Programme has been divided into two steps such as one of CHF 15 billion and one of CHF 10 billion. Furthermore, due to acquisition of Novartis medical nutrition and Gerber, which has created a critical Mass in Nutrition sales approx CHF 10 Billion? On the contrary the total value of repurchased share from August 2007 to December 2009 is CHF20.1 As a consequence, in 2009 the group has brought back CHF 7 billion which is equal worth of its own shares and the remaining CHF 5 billion in share will be brought back in the course of 2010. After completation of this Programme further group will launch a new CHF 10 billon share back Programme with intent to buy additional CHF 5 billion share before the end of the year. NOTABLE FACTS The worlds largest food and beverage company has been internationally criticized for purchasing and using the palm oil, water bottling issue in USA, child labor problems in cocoa-growing nations and its aggressive marketing of baby food product all over the world. Greenpeace Campaign. (www.greenpeace.org.uk) Greenpeace organisation has started a campaign against Nestle over its purchase of palm oil by an Indonesian company called Sinar Mas.  Greenpeace claims that Sinar Mas getting the palm oil by destroying the rainforest and use in it for candy bars and other products. Considerably, rainforests contributes about 20% of greenhouses gases also support transport sector. Therefore, deforestation of rainforests and the excessive use of bio-fuels are serious environmental issues on the global level. Bottle Water issue (Steel, Emily. 2010, Journal) Nestle is a top water bottling company and selling water under 70 different brands name in the world. Nestle controlled one third bottled water market in America. However, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) and coalition of many others environmental and social justice organizations has launched a campaign against Nestle in North America to prevent the new bottle water facility in Cascade Locks Oregon. The reason for this campaign is bottled water facility would lead to the commodification of Oregons and it contributes to the plastic waste problem also it is the waste of prime resources and potential way to destroy the local wildlife. Baby Milk Scandal (www.babymilkaction.org) Nestle has been targeted and criticized by the International baby food action network (IBFAN) for the violation of international code of marketing of breast milk substitutes and also aggressive baby food marketing strategies for selling artificial infant feeding which has the cause of unnecessary death of children. SWOT ANALYSIS (2010. DATAMONITOR) Nestle is the world largest company by sales and strong brand portfolio with manufacturing and marketing the branded food product around the world. Strengths -Strong brand name According to the Inter brand management company, Nestlà © is one of the best-known companies in the world and ranked 63rd best global brands in 2008 and its top 30 brands earn over CHF 1,000 million which is 70% of its sales. Furthermore, For instance Customise products to the local market conditions Strong global operations RD Capabilities Weaknesses -Increasing product recalls history In November 2008, Nestlà © USA recalled the product called Nesquik Strawberry Powder, due to the fearing of small fragments of aluminum. Furthermore, Nestlà © Prepared Foods Co has recalled 900,000 pounds worth of meals the Lean Cuisine brand frozen chicken due to small chunks of blue plastic. Moreover in September 2008, in Hong Kong Company recalled UHT milk due to contain melamine chemical. Opportunities The Nestle is utilising the RD capabilities to achieve the competitiveness in the health and wellness market. For instance, Nestlà © is focusing on nutrition combining taste to reduce the fatty acids, salt and sugar and increase the micro nutrients such as minerals and vitamin for consumer better health and to ensure for the profitable growth. Furthermore, Nestle is working on, Scientific innovations to address obesity and diabetes On developing economies Focus on external Market Currently company generate 50% of food and beverage in North America, India, China, Russia, Brazil and company is expected double of the sale in next ten years. Threats -Issues The company has been internationally criticized for issues and fines for instance Purchase and use of palm oil Water bottling issue in USA, Child labor problems (in cocoa-growing nations) Aggressive marketing of baby food product all over the world -Fines In February 2009 Nestle and Coca Cola Company has been fine in US$ 650,000 against Enviga-Brand green tea beverage products. In February 2010 Nestle has been fine E30 million by Greeces competition watchdog for abusing against its dominant position in the coffee market. -Political and Economical Factor Nestle company is operating in 84 countries in the world with having entire different cultural, political and economical back ground. The concerning issues regarding these countries are, the political stability, the infra structure, the local regulation, the foreign trade which might be potentially affect on Nestle ability to do business with in these countries. Nestle Group sales, profitability and financial position (http://www.nestle.com) Nestlà © Groups sale in 2009 was in at CHF 107.6 billion, with organic growth of 4.1%. Operating profit was in at CHF15.7 billion, and net profit was CHF10.43 billion with organic growth of 4.1 percent. Underlying earnings per share rose from CHF 2.82 to CHF 3.09, which is equal to 9.6% , Food and Beverages sales was in CHF 99.8 billion, with organic growth of 3.9%,, Marketing and administrative expenses rose 33.7% of total sales. Nestle Expand RD capabilities in 10 basis points in developing countries. Reported EBIT margin was 30 basis or 14.6%, with an EBIT of CHF 15.7 billion. The Groups operating cash flow reached by 10.7billion or 67 %, the groups return on invested capital (ROIC) increased 15.6% (including goodwill) and 35.1% (excluding goodwill) and net debt reached CHF 18.1 billion. In 2009 consolidated In millions of CHF As % of Total Sale Sale 107,618 Net profit (b) 10,428 9.7% Operating cash flow 17,934 Capital Expenditure 4,641 4.3% Market capitalisation 174,294 Net Debit 18,085 EBIT (A) Group 15,699 14.6% Free cash flow (c) 12,369 EBIT (a) Food Beverage 13,083 13.1% Equity attributable to shareholders of the parent 48,915 Ratio of the debt to equity (gearing) 37.0% Over all cost of goods sold decreased by 110 basis points Distribution costs fell by 40 basis points Marketing and expenses rose by 110 basis points (equal 33.7% of total sale) Zone Americas: Total Sales was CHF 23.4 billion, with 6.4% organic growth and 2.3% real internal growth. In North America, internal growth accelerated in the, ice cream, pet care, soluble coffee and chocolate in the and slow down in frozen food, Moreover Brazil build the positive momentum and mainly to growth in dairy category also rest of the region has showed the positive improvement in the third quarter. Zone Europe: Total Sales was CHF 16.5 billion, with 0% organic and -1.5% real internal growth, France, Switzerland, Germany, Italy and the Iberian region has rise internal growth. The Great Britain region delivered the strong performance, Eastern Europe presented a weaker real internal growth in Czech and Slovak Republics and Russia, positive in e Poland and the Ukraine Zone Africa, Asia and Oceania: Total Sales was CHF 11.7 billion with 3.0 real internal growth and 5.8% organic growth the organic growth was unchanged in Oceania and Japan and the rest of all emerging regions were improved in volumes, although real internal growth in Oceania and Japan was unchanged. Furthermore, China, Philippines, South Asia and Africa has shows the strong real internal growth. Appendices Appendix No 1: Appendix 3 Sale forecast Sale and EBIT Margin by operating segments Sales and EBIT Margin by Products.